Bankwana Da 2025, Maraba Da 2026
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Daga Sani Anwar
•Nazari A Kan Tsaro Da Tattalin Arziki Da Zamantakewa
A shekarar 2025, Nijeriya ta fuskanci kalubalen rashin tsaro da rikici da dama, inda yankunan Arewa-maso-yamma da Arewa-maso-gabas, suka kasance mafi yawan tashin hankali a dukkanin fadin kasar.
Wadannan kalubale na rashin tsaro da kasar take ci gaba da fuskanta, musamman a wannan shekara da muka yi bankwana da ita sun hada da:
Rikici na tashin hankali da garkuwa da mutane: Nijeriya ta samu afkuwar kai hare-hare kimanin 4,672 tare da kuma samun asarar rayuka 6,800 a cikin rabin farkon shekarar 2025, inda Jihar Zamfara ta kasance jihar da ta fi kowacce yin asarar rayuwa da dukiyoyi.
Har ila yau, wannan jiha ta Zamfara dai; ita ce cibiyar hare-haren ‘yan bindiga da ta fi shahara a yankin Arewa-maso-yammacin Nijeriya, inda ‘yan bindigar suka sanya tafiye-tafiye da noma cikin hadari.
Tsakanin watan Yulin 2024 zuwa Yunin 2025, an sace akalla mutum 4,722, a cewar wani rahoto na ‘SBM Intelligence’.
Haka zalika, a ranar Juma’a 26 ga watan Satumbar 2025,‘yan ta’adda a jihar ta Zamfara, sun afka wa wasu masallata suna tsaka da yin sallar asubahi a Kauyen Yandoto da ke Karamar Hukumar Tsafe, tare da yin kan mai uwa da wabi ta hanyar bude musu wuta, inda a nan take mutum biyar suka mutu, da dama kuma suka samu raunuka.
A lokuta daban-daban, an yi ta samun ire-iren wadannan hare-hare da sace mutane a wannan jiha, domin kuwa akwai lokacin da ‘yan bindigar suka yi garkuwa da sama da mutum 100 tare da kashe wasu mutane.
Mafi akasarin wadanda aka sace din, mata da kananan yara ne a wani hari da suka kai, kamar yadda jami’an yankin da shugabannin al’umma suka bayyana.
Harin Masallacin Maiduguri: A ranar 24 ga watan Disambar 2025, bam ya tashi a wani masallaci a Maiduguri, inda mutane akalla mutum biyar suka mutu, wasu 35 kuma suka jikkata.
Kungiyoyin ‘yan tada kayar bayan da suka hada da Boko Haram da ISWAP, sun tsananta kai hare-hare, lamarin da ya kai ga karuwar yunwa da matsugunai. Hukumar samar da abinci ta duniya ta yi gargadin cewa, kusan mutane miliyan 35 ne ake hasashen za su fuskanci matsanancin karancin abinci a shekarar 2026.
Har ila yau, a ranar 25 ga watan Disambar 2025, akwai harin jirgin Amurka na Sakkwato: Amurka ta kai wani hari ta sama a Arewa-maso-yammacin Nijeriya, inda aka kai wa mayakan ISIL hari tare da hadin gwiwar gwamnatin Nijeriya.
A ranar 8 ga watan Yunin 2025, an kai wani mummunan hari da makamai a garin Yelwata da ke Karamar Hukumar Guma ta Jihar Benuwai.
Rahotanni sun bayyana cewa, maharan da ke dauke da muggan makamai; sun kai wani farmakin hadin gwiwa, wanda ya yi sanadin kashe mutane sama da 200 da suka hada da mata da kuma kananan yara.
Kazalika, rikicin Kudu-maso-gabas; ya ci gaba da yin kamari a shiyyar Kudu-maso-gabas a cikin watan Maris na 2025, sakamakon tashe-tashen hankula masu nasaba da ‘yan aware da ke ci gaba da ruruwa. Kungiyar tsaro ta yankin Gabas (ESN), na da alakaa da hare-haren da ake kai wa jami’an tsaro da sauran kayan gwamnatin a fadin Jihohin Imo, Anambra da kuma Abiya.
Haka zalika, harin da aka kai makarantar St Mary, a ranar 21 ga watan Nuwamban 2025, ya biyo bayan sace-sacen wasu mutane ne kwanaki kadan da suka gabata.
Sa’annan, a ranar 18 ga watan Nuwamba, an kashe mutane biyu tare da yin garkuwa da wasu mutum 38 a wani hari da aka kai Cocin Christ Apostolic Church a Jihar Kwara, sannan kuma kwana daya gabanin haka, an kashe mutum biyu, an kuma sace dalibai musulmi 25 a makarantar sakandare ta ‘yan mata ta gwamnati.
Bugu da kari, a watan Disambar 2025; ranar Alhamis ne da dare; wasu ‘yan bindiga suka far wa sakandiren da ke Jihar Neja dauke da muggan makamai tare da sace dalibai fiye da 300 da kuma malamansu su kimanin 12.
Kazalika, kafin wannan, ‘yan bindigar sun sace dalibai mata 25 a wata makarantar sakandare da ke garin Maga ta Karamar Hukumar Danko da Wasagu a Jihar Kebbi, duk da cewa; biyu daga cikinsu sun samu damar kubuta daga hannunsu.
Haka zalika, Gwamnatin Nijeriya ta bayar da umarnin rufe makarantun hadaka na tarayyar Nijeriya kimanin 41 da ke kasar. A cikin wata sanarwa da ma’aikatar ilimi ta fitar, ta bayyana cewa; Ministan Ilimi, Tunji Alausa ya bayar da umarnin rufe makarantun hadaka kimanin 41 na tarayya, ba tare da wani bata-lokaci ba.
A 16 ga Oktoban 2025, akalla sojojin Nijeriya 11 ne, ciki har da wani babban kwamanda aka kashe a wani harin kwantan bauna da ‘yan Boko Haram suka kai a Jihar Borno da yammacin ranar Juma’a, kamar yadda majiyoyin soji da na leken asiri suka bayyana.
Harin na baya-bayan, ya nuna irin barazanar da kungiyar Boko Haram da gungun ‘yan ta’addan da suka balle a yankin Arewa-maso-gabas ke ci gaba da haifarwa, duk kuwa da irin ayyukan da sojoji ke ci gaba da yi da nufin rage karfinsu.
Ranar 10 ga watan Oktoban 2025, wasu ‘yan ta’adda da ake kyautata zaton ‘yan Boko Haram ne, sun kai wasu hare-haren hadin gwiwa, kan sansanonin soji guda uku a Rann, Gajiram da kuma Dikwa da ke Jihar Borno, inda suka kashe sojoji akalla hudu.
Majiyoyin tsaro da na cikin gida, sun tabbatar da cewa; dukkanin hare-haren, sun faru ne da sanyin safiyar Talata, inda suka bayyana maharan a matsayin wadanda suka rasa mayaka da dama a Dikwa da Gajiram, inda sojoji suka dakile harin da suka kai.
Wannan dai, na zuwa ne awanni 24 da ‘yan ta’addan suka kai hari sansanin soji da ke Marte, wanda ya yi sanadin mutuwar sojojin da ba a tantance yawan adadinsu ba tare da bacewar wasu da dama daga cikinsu.
A cewar majiyoyin tsaron, harin da aka kai sansanin soji a Rann; ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwar sojoji hudu tare da jikkata wasu shida.
Guda daga cikin majiyoyin ta bayyana cewa, “Mun rasa sojoji hudu, yayin da kuma wasu hudu suka samu raunuka a harbin bindiga, sun kuma kona wata motar yaki (MRAP) kirar Rasha T-72”.
Jihohi Takwas Da Suka Rufe Makarantu Sakamakon Matsalar Tsaro A 2025: Matsalar Tabarbarewar Tattalin Arziki
Wannan matsala ta tabarbarewar tattalin arziki dai, wani lamari ne da ke ci gaba da daukar hankalin al’ummar Nijeriya a shekarar da muka yi bankwana da ita ta 2025, inda ‘yan kasar da dama ke fafutukar ganin sun samu biyan bukatunsu.
Har ila yau, kasar ta fuskanci matsalar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki, karuwar kudaden ruwa da kuma karancin samun wadatuwar arziki, wanda hakan ya haifar da mummunan talauci a tsakanin al’ummar wannan kasa.
Muhimman Kalubalen Da Aka Fi Fuskanta
-Matsalar Karancin Abinci: An yi hasashen cewa, mutane kimanin miliyan 33.1 ne suka fuskanci matsanancin karancin abinci a shekarar 2025, tare da hasashen cewa, kafin karshen shekarar masu fama da matsalar karancin abincin za su kusa iya rubanyawa.
-Talauci: Talauci ya yi matukar karuwa, domin kuwa mazauna karkara kimanin kashi 75.5 cikin 100, na fama da matsanancin talauci.
-Rashin Aikin Yi: Yawan rashin aikin yi a tsakanin manya da matasa ya ci gaba da ta’azzara a fadin wannan kasa, wanda hakan ya kara haifar da wahalhalun tattalin arziki.
-Hauhawar Farashin Kayayyaki: Hasashen hauhawar farashin kayayyaki, ya kasance wani babban abin damuwa da tayar da hankali, inda farashin abinci ya yi tashin gwauron zabo, kazalika; farashin harkokin sufuri ya ninninka.
Gwamnatin Nijeriya ta aiwatar da kudire-kudire, domin daidaita tattalin arzikin kasar da suka hada da cire tallafin man fetur da kuma sanya ido a kan hada-hadar kudade, amma duk da kokarin wadannan sauye-sauye; har yanzu an kasa ganin ci gaba na zahiri, wanda ka iya sauya rayuwar ‘yan kasa.
Abubuwan Da Suka Faru Ta Fuskar Siyasa
Shekarar 2025 ta fuskar siyasa, ta kasance tamkar wata guguwar daji ga Nijeriya. Wasu manyan abubuwan da suka yi fice sun hada da:
-Dokar Ta-baci ta Jihar Ribas: Shugaba Bola Ahmed Tinubu, ya kafa dokar ta-baci a Jihar Ribas, inda ya dakatar da gwamna, mataimakin gwamna da ‘yan majalisar dokoki, sakamakon matsalolin tsaro da kuma na mulki.
-Matsalar Da Ke Tsakanin Amurka Da Nijeriya: Amurka ta ayyana Nijeriya a matsayin “kasa mai tattare da matsala” bisa zargin musguna wa kiristoci, lamarin da ya haifar da tashe-tashen hankula a diflomasiyya da kai hare-hare ta sama kan kungiyoyin ‘yan ta’adda a Nijeriya.
-Rashin tsaro Da Ta’addanci: Nijeriya ta fuskanci matsalar rashin tsaro, inda hare-haren ta’addanci, ‘yan fashi da garkuwa da mutane suka addabi wasu sassa na kasar.
-Sauye-sauyen Gwamnati Kan Tattalin Arziki: Gwamnatin Nijeriya ta aiwatar da sauye-sauyenn tattalin arziki, ciki har da gyaran haraji da cire tallafin man fetur, wanda hakan ya haifar da ra’ayoyin mutane daban-daban.
-Ficewa Daga Jam’iyyun Siyasa: Gwamnoni da dama sun sauya sheka daga jam’iyyar adawa ta PDP zuwa jam’iyyar APC mai mulki, lamarin da ya haifar da fargabar tsarin jam’iyya daya a fadin kasar.
Batun Kakaba Wa ‘Yan Kasa Sabuwar Dokar Haraji
A shekarar da ta gabata ne (2025), bayan yunkurin kakaba wa ‘yan Nijeriya sabuwar dokar haraji, Kungiyar Lauyoyi ta Nijeriya (NBA), ta bukaci gwamnatin tarayya da ta dakatar da aiwatar da dokokin harajin, har sai al’ummar kasar sun gamsu da aiwatar da ita.
A cikin wata sanarwa da ya fitar, shugaban kungiyar lauyoyin na Nijeriya (NBA), Mazi Afam Osigwe, SAN ya ce; rigingimun da suka taso game da dokar gyaran haraji, na bukatar lura da gaskiya da amana da kuma aiki tare da bin tsarin dokokin Nijeriya.
Wani dan majalisar wakilai, Hon. Abdulsammad Dasuki na jam’iyyar PDP daga Jihar Sakkwato, ya gabatar da wani batu a zauren majalisa, inda ya ce; an samu sabani tsakanin dokokin haraji da majalisar dokoki ta kasa ta amince da su da nau’ikan abin da aka gabatar da kuma wanda aka bayyana wa jama’a.
Wannan tonon silili ne ya ja hankalin, jam’iyyun siyasa, kungiyoyin farar hula (CSOs) da sauran ‘yan majalisa na yin kira da a dakatar da dokar harajin, sakamakon rashin bin ka’ida da aka yi.
Duk da haka, kungiyar lauyoyin ta kasa ta yi kira ga dukkanin hukumomin da abin ya shafa, da su yi hanzari tare da gaggawa, domin magance wannan takaddama, “a cikin manyan hanyoyi na moriyar tsarin mulki, akwai samun kwanciyar hankali, musamman ta fuskar tattalin arziki da kuma kiyaye doka”.
Har ila yau, sanarwar ta ce; “Wadannan abubuwa da ke faruwa, sun shafi tushen tsarin mulki, sannan kuma suna sanya ayar tambaya kan tsattsauran ra’ayi, wanda dole ne a yi la’akari da doka, musamman a tsakanin al’ummar da suka rungumi dimokuradiyya.
Har ila yau, “Kungiyar lauyoyin ta Nijeriya na ganin ya zama wajibi a gudanar da cikakken bincike tare da fayyace abubuwan da suka shafi zartar da dokokin da kuma dawo da kwarin gwiwar jama’a kan tsarin majalisar.
Ci Gaban Da Aka Samu Ta Fuskar Tattalin Arziki
Tattalin arzikin Nijeriya ya nuna alamun sauyi a shekarar 2025, inda aka samu karuwar kashi 3.98 cikin 100, sakamakon samun ci gaba da aka yi a bangaren da ba na man fetir ba da kuma faduwar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki zuwa kashi 14.45 cikin 100 a watan Nuwamba.
Abubuwan Da Suka Taimaka Wa Sauya-sauyen Tattalin Arzikin Sun Hada Da:
-Nemo Wasu Hanyoyi Na Samun Kudin Shiga: An yi kokarin samar da wasu hanyoyin samun kudaden shiga, baya ga harkokin man fetir, domin kara bunkasa tattalin arzikin kasar tare da mayar da hankali kan noma da sauran masana’antu.
-Ci gaba Da Samar Da Ababen More Rayuwa: An zuba makudan kudade a matsayin hannun jari a kan tituna da wutar lantarki da sauran ababen more rayuwa na zamani da za su bunkasa ci gaban tattalin arzikin wannan kasa.
-Sauye-sauyen Gwamnati: Gwamnati ta aiwatar da sauye-sauye da suka hada da cire tallafin man fetur da kuma daidaita farashin canjin kudaden waje, domin inganta tattalin arzikin kasa.
-Zuba hannun jari: Nijeriya ta jawo jari mai yawan gaske, gami da alkawarin dala miliyan 150 daga ‘KUBEK Strategic Partnership’, domin ayyukan masana’antu.
Duk da irin nasarorin da aka samu, amma ana ci gaba da fuskantar kalubale iri-iri, ciki har da matsanancin talauci, rashin tsaro da kuma karancin samun ayyuka na more rayuwa.
Matakan Da Gwamnatin Tarayya Ta Dauka Na Magance Matsalar Tasaro
Gwamnatin Nijeriya ta dauki matakai da dama, don magance matsalar rashin tsaro a 2025. Wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukan da gwamnatin ta taka rawa sun hada da:
-Babban Hafsan Sojoji, Laftanar-Gen. Waidi Shaibu, ya jaddada bin tsarin magance matsalar rashin tsaro tare da hada ayyukan soji da hada kai wajen samar da tsaron kasa.
-Karfafa ayyukan tsaro: Shugaba Bola Tinubu ya umarci hukumomin tsaro da su kara sanya ido tare da gudanar da ayyuka na musamman a yankunan da ta’addanci ya addaba.
-Samar Da Tawagar Dakaru: Mataimakin Shugaban Kasa Kashim Shettima, ya sanar da tura karin tawaga masu sanin makamar aiki zuwa yankunan da ‘yan ta’adda suke kai hare-hare.
-Daukar Ma’aikatan Tsaro: Gwamnatin Nijeriya na shirin daukar sabbin ‘yansanda 20,000 da sojoji 24,000, domin karfafa jami’an tsaro.
-Kafa ‘Yansandan Jiha: Majalisar Dattawa na kokarin ganin an samar da ‘yansandan jihohi, domin magance matsalolin tsaro a cikin gida.
-Maganganun Fasahar Kwarewa: Akwai batun mayar da hankali kan amfani da fasaha, irin su ‘drones’, CCTB, da na’urori masu auna firikwensi, domin habaka damar sanya ido.
-Haɗin Gwiwar Al’umma: Gwamnati na yin hulda da al’umma, domin inganta tattara bayanan sirri da magance matsalolin rashin tsaro da suka hada da talauci da kuma rashin aikin yi.
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